the effects of piles spacing and length to diameter ratios on the soil-pile-structure interaction phenomenon

the seismic analysis of structures in the past relied on the assumed soil desirable effects as the elongation of excitation period with higher damping. therefore, imposing earthquake loading at the foundation level fulfilling higher safety requirements was the common practice until occasional movement amplifications demanded more rigorous research. the goal of the current study is to scrutinize the effects of length to diameter and spacing to diameter ratios on the response of soil-pile group-structure systems of 2x2 and 3x3 arrangements. the mentioned parameters' increase in the kinematic interaction study resulted in higher transfer functions. such changes lead to decrease in the real part and increase in the imaginary part of the impedance functions in the inertial interaction study.